The partial vacuum and low back pressure is developed in condenser. Global supplier of steam condensers and related technology. Lab manual to study about various types of steam condensers. Therefore, amount of heat supplied per kg of steam is reduced. Condenser is a heat exchanger in which heat transfer from refrigerant to a cooling medium takes place. These three are called a back pressure steam turbine, an extraction steam turbine and a condensing steam turbine. The steam condenser receives exhaust steam from one end and gets in contact with the cooling water flowed within it form the cooling tower. In down flow condensers exhaust steam enters at the top and flows downward. With an optimized tube pattern for improved performance, the amex design square condenser is ideal for smaller plants.
Types of steam turbine an overview sciencedirect topics. Steam power plant configuration, design, and control. Plate types consisting of a series of parallel plates that provide paths for the steam and the cooling water. Down flow type condenser sectional view is shown in fig. I dont wish to stink up the house with oily steam exhaust, nor raise humidity levels around my electronics, so. Definition condenser is a device in which steam is condensed to water at a pressure less than atmosphere. Large steam system condensers heat exchanger engineers edge. These condensers are heat exchangers which convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid state at a pressure below atmospheric pressure. Mar 26, 2020 a steam condenser is a piece of machinery that turns steam into water. Steam condenser troubleshooting what is a steam surface condenser. The steam condensers may be mainly classified into the following two types, depending upon the way in which the steam is condensed.
It provides rules for conducting acceptance tests, along with guidelines for monitoring thermal performance and conducting routine tests. This type of application utlizes dry cooling towers. A surface condenser is a commonly used term for a watercooled shell and tube heat exchanger installed to condense exhaust steam from a steam turbine in thermal power stations. The heat from the system is rejected either to atmosphere air or to the water used as cooling medium. Heat exchanger knowledge heat exchanger companies suppliers. Ejector condensers are either direct contact or surface condensers typically in the same form as the main condenser. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Shell and tube ejector condensers should be straight tube units, single or double pass with removable heads. Steam condenser power plant stock photos download 99. Here, the exhaust steam is blown into cold water in the locomotives water tanks.
R sekulib university of kentucky introduction a heat exchanger is a device that is used for transfer of thermal energy enthalpy between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid, or between solid particulates and a. This pressure is called the turbine backpressure and is usually a vacuum. An introduction to condensers and auxiliary equipment for. According to pressure of steam, it may be divided following categories. A nonreturn system must be fitted, to prevent water from the tanks being drawn into the cylinders when the steam is shut off. Ppt steam turbines powerpoint presentation free to. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. As the lowpressure steam comes in contact with the cooling water, it condenses and turns into water. Definition condenser is a device in which steam is condensed to water at. The condensed steam is collected at the bottom of the condenser and returned to the boiler using feedwater pumps, to begin the waterto steam, steam towater cycle again.
Efficient type of steam condenser for water desalination of solar thermal energy in remote arid areas and islands article pdf available march 2016 with 500 reads how we measure reads. Many steam based systems use a circuit of water to maximize their efficiency. Water is heated into steam, the steam provides motivation for a process, a steam condenser turns it back into water and the cycle begins again. Sep 09, 2015 maintained below atmospheric pressure is known as a condenser. Enough energy must be added to raise the temperature of the water to the boiling point. The steam carries with it the noncondensible gases such as air, carbon dioxide, and ammonia that leave the air cooler section through the air outlets and flow to air removal equipment. Any residual steam is condensed in the air cooler section. The result is a condenser specifically engineered to meet the needs of your application.
Cooling water is distributed inside the condenser in the form of a fine spray that contacts and condenses the steam. First, a brief introduction of ffpp fundamentals and con. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. The twelfth edition of the standards for steam surface condensers represents another step in the heat exchange institutes continuing program to provide standards that reflect the latest technological advancement in the field of condensing equipment. Each type will suit a different configuration of plant. Secondly, the steam is passed through a series of tubes and water is allowed to flow in the form of thin film outside the tubes. Condensation can be done by removing heat from exhaust steam using circulating cooling water a condenser is basically steam to water exchanger in which heat from exhau. The specific steam consumption of the plant decreases as the available enthalpy drop or work developed per kg of steam increases with the decrease in back pressure by using condenser. Oct 26, 2009 to study about various types of steam condensers. Reichhelm hudson products corporation houston, texas even the nonspecialist purchaser of an aircooled steam condenser can apply these guidelines to. Mar 08, 2016 steam condenser and its types from university syllabus point of view. In case of turbines with cooling water preheating and lowpressure lp bypass, prior to supplying steam the regeneration and dumping systems have to be. The ecolaire advanced direct contact condenser adcc 1 from spx heat transfer llc uses licensed technology that uses both spray nozzles and a fill pack to create heat transfer and condensation in the vapor space above the fill pack and in the turbulent film flow through the fill pack. Mar 04, 2020 the steam can be condensed in surface steam condenser in two ways.
This article provides an overview of fossilfuel power plant ffpp con. As for the ejectors, ejector condensers at geothermal steam plants are typically fabricated from type 316l stainless steel. It is a device or an appliance in which steam condenses and heat released by steam is absorbed by water. Tubular condensers used in power plant to condense exhaust steam are known as surface condensers. We define the evaporation process as one that starts with a liquid. Design and specification of aircooled steam condensers.
The main advantages of incorporating a steam condenser in a steam power plant are as follows. The efficiency of the steam plant is considerably increased by the use of a condenser. As the operating pressure of the condenser is lowered vacuum is increased, the enthalpy drop of the expanding steam in the turbine will also. The steam condenser, shown in figure 9 below, is a major component of the steam cycle in power generation facilities. Evaporation is an operation used to remove a liquid from a solution, suspension, or emulsion by boiling off some of the liquid. Standards for steam surface condensers, 12th edition. Steam locomotive condensers may be watercooled or aircooled. It is a closed space into which the steam exits the turbine and is forced to give up its latent heat of vaporization.
After expansion of steam it is exhausted into atmosphere called back pressure steam turbine or noncondensing types steam turbine otherwise it exhausted into a condenser called condensing turbine. More recently, a new type of direct contact condenser has been developed and proven in service. Steam turbine working principle and types of steam turbine. In order to match steam production to heat demand, there are three types of steam turbine in common use for chp plants. The steam can be condensed in surface steam condenser in two ways.
In surface condensers, there is no direct contact between the exhaust steam and the cooling water. Definition a steam turbine is a mechanical device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized. Mar 04, 2020 condensation of steam in a closed system, creates an empty place by reduction of volume of the low pressure steam. Quality and innovation go into the building of each ecolaire steam surface condenser. Plate condensers are used mainly for smaller power plants. Prior to supplying steam to the turbine, the steam supply pipelines have to be drained and heated up. In large turbine plants, the condensate recovery becomes very important and this is also made possible by the use of condenser. Steam condensers are devices in which the exhaust steam from the steam turbine is condensed by. Mar 09, 2016 surface condensers can be classified into varies types depending upon the position of condensate extraction pump, flow of condensate and arrangement of tubes. Oct 28, 2014 presentation on types of steam condensers. Firstly, cooling water is passed through a series of tubes and steam passes over the tubes. Steam condenser and its types from university syllabus point of view. It is thus a thermal separation, or thermal concentration, process. Contact condenser an overview sciencedirect topics.
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