To understand the genetic basis of cold tolerance in rice, we evaluated the cold tolerance at the seedling stage cts of 295 rice cultivars in the rice diversity panel 1 rdp1, these cultivars were collected from 82 countries. Some plants are naturally adapted to dry conditions, surviving with protection mechanisms such as desiccation tolerance, detoxification, or repair of xylem embolism. Drought tolerance and aerobic rice breeding at irri 1 drought tolerance and aerobic rice breeding at irri. Drought is the most widespread and damaging of all environmental stresses, affecting 23 million hectares of rainfed rice in south and southeast asia. Acclimation and tolerance strategies of rice under drought. Excess salinity in soil is one of the major environmental factors that limit plant growth and yield of a wide variety of crops including rice. Drought prone lowlands severe seasonlong drought destroyed plantings in upper fields at raipur 2002 kdml 105 under severe lateseason stress in upper field at roi et, thailand oct. The exploitation of genetic diversity to breed novel rice cultivars that combine. Diana lilia trejosaavedra, in corn third edition, 2019.
Morphological and molecular genetic consideration article pdf available in plant growth regulation 502. Of all abiotic stresses, drought is regarded as the most damaging. Significant varietal differences were found in relation to salinity tolerance. Biotechnology for the development of drought tolerant. Jongdee, pantuwan, fukai, and fischer 2006 stated that rice varieties that respond well to favorably watered conditions can be developed for improved yield under drought stress if there is early selection for yield under both drought and wellwatered conditions. On the basis of tolerance ability toward salinity, rice is considered as saltsensitive crop, and growth and yield of rice are greatly affected by salinity. Discuss the challenges in rice breeding for excess water environmen ts. The effect of drought on rice increased with plant growth and drought had larger detrimental.
Drought is the most severe abiotic stress reducing rice yield in rainfed drought prone ecosystems. Os3bglu6 was responsive to drought and aba treatments, and the protein was localized to the chloroplast. Functional analysis showed that osbzip71 is a nuclearlocalized protein that specifically binds to the gbox motif, but has no transcriptional activity both in. In general, rice can tolerate a small amount of saltwater without compromising the growth and. Dwivedi, raja husain, kunvar gyanendra, garima yadav, gaurav kumar, sanghmitra, o.
We here report the cloning and characterization of osbzip71, which encodes a rice bzip tf. Drought is a major challenge limiting rice production. Innovative biotechnological approaches have enhanced our. Osnac14 was predominantly expressed at meiosis stage but is induced by drought, high salinity, aba, and low temperature in leaves. To confirm the role of osaba8ox3 gene in drought stress, osaba8ox3 rna interference rice plants were produced with a 485 bp open reading frame orf region as the targeted interference dna. An in silico strategy was then deployed to mine for candidate genes associated with dt qtls using rice dbest and rice genome databases. Molecular regulation of drought tolerance in rice semantic scholar. Drought induced os3bglu6 to form dimers, and the degree of polymerization correlated well with the increase in cellular aba concentrations and drought tolerance in rice.
Feb 12, 2014 flooding effects on rice rice is the stable food for over half of humanity, 23 of the worlds poor floods annually reduce productivity in over 22 million ha of rice in asia and large area in africa incidences set farmers deeper into debt and poverty floods are worsening with climate change scientific discoveries provided opportunities to. Rice cultivation, processing, and marketing in the eighteenth century michael trinkley, ph. Chloroplastic os3bglu6 contributes significantly to. Carbohydrate status of rainfed lowland rices in relation to submergence, drought and shade tolerance. A novel gene, osahl1, containing an athook motif and a ppc domain was identified through genomewide profiling and analysis of mrnas by comparing the microarray of drought challenged versus. The effect of salinity on dry matter production varied from cultivar to cultivar. Quantitative trait loci for drought tolerance in rice e drought tolerance mechanism is complex, in uenced byvariations inplantphenologyandcontrolled byseveral quantitative trait loci. Drought is the major abiotic stress factor that limits rice production worldwide. Tond1 confers tolerance to nitrogen deficiency in rice. Duan jz, zhang mh, zhang hl, xiong hy, liu pl, ali j, li jj, li zc 2012 osmiox, a myoinositol oxygenase gene, improves drought tolerance through scavenging of reactive oxygen species in rice oryza sativa l.
Pdf improving drought tolerance in rainfed lowland rice. Therefore, it is a priority for rice breeders to develop superrice varieties that have both high yield and superior quality7,8. Genetic architecture of aluminum tolerance in rice oryza sativa determined through genomewide association analysis and qtl mapping adam n. The plant hormone ethylene is known to play a key role in drought tolerance. The bzip transcription factor tf family plays an important role in the abscisic acid aba signaling pathway of abiotic stress in plants. Mechanisms of drought tolerance in rice 19 drought tolerance in rice in an abadependent manner fukao and xiong, 20. Drought resistance in crops with emphasis on rice books. Tolerance of rice to nickel in nutrient solution springerlink. Root system architecture is one of the most important contributors to drought resistance in crops 8. The calibrations we perform for our customers provide indirect traceability.
Possibly the oldest domesticated grain 10,000 years, rice is the staple food for 2. Rice is one of the most important global food crops and a primary source of calories for more than half of the worlds population. L is the staple food for half of the worlds population. Improvement of drought tolerance in rice oryza sativa. The rice osdil gene plays a role in drought tolerance at vegetative and reproductive stages article pdf available in plant molecular biology 823 may 20 with 653 reads how we measure reads. Different types of environmental stresses, such as high irradiance, high temperatures, nutrient deficiencies, and toxicities, may challenge crops simultaneously. Redillas1, geupil jang1, harin jung1, seung woon bang1, yang do choi2, sunhwa ha3, christophe reuzeau4 and jukon kim1, 1school of biotechnology and environmental engineering, myongji university, yongin, korea. Multi environment evaluation of breeding lines helps breeder to identify appropriate genotypes for areas. A novel gene osahl1 improves both drought avoidance and.
Pdf on jan 1, 1999, abraham blum and others published drought tolerance of a doubledhaploid line population of rice in the field find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Drought tolerance of a doubledhaploid line population of. Drought yield index to select high yielding rice lines under. Wild species of oryza offer a wide spectrum of adaptive traits and can serve as potential donors of biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Both flood and rice is indispensable feature of bangladesh.
Comparative analysis of drought resistance genes in arabidopsis and rice. At the punjab agricultural university, we are maintaining an active collection of 1630 accessions of wild species germplasm aa, cc, bbcc. Beighley encyclopedia of life support systems eolss shallow water is in water 0 to 30 cm deep, rainfed deep water is in water 30 to 100 cm deep, and floating rice is in water deeper than 100 cm. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the tolerant allele of oslg3 may improve drought tolerance in cultivated japonica rice. Concurrent drought and temperature stress in ricea. Hence, water related stress cause severe threat to rice production. The primary objective of this study was to develop a new method to evaluate readily and rapidly the drought tolerance of upland rice. Review the current understanding of the biology, genetics and molecular aspects of tolerance in rice. Drought tolerance an overview sciencedirect topics. Furthermore, this gene confers its submergence tolerance when transferred into a strain of rice. Drought tolerance is an important attribute of commercial corn. The present investigation was conducted at the rice research and training center rrtc,sakha, kafrelsheikh, egypt, during 2014 and 2015 growing seasons to evaluate some root characters of some rice genotypes for drought and wellwatered conditions.
Pdf tdk1 is a popular rice variety from the lao pdr. Variation in intensity and severity of drought from season to season and place to place requires cultivation of rice varieties with different level of drought tolerance in different areas. Class iii tolerance app rice lake weighing systems. Osnac5 overexpression enlarges root diameter in rice. Drought tolerance indices for selection of drought tolerant, high. Rice tends to be more sensitive to drought stress than other crops.
Ectopic expression of dreb transcription factor, atdreb1a. Osnac5 overexpression enlarges root diameter in rice plants leading to enhanced drought tolerance and increased grain yield in the. Osbzip71, a bzip transcription factor, confers salinity. This is partly due to the tight linkage between the loci governing plant height and drought tolerance. Quantitative trait loci qtls for drought tolerance dt can be readily identified in available databases and in this paper, these qtls were summarized in the form of a consensus map. Comparative analysis of drought resistance genes in. Anaerobic tolerant rice seedling growth and its potential in the tropical rainfed lowland ecosystems. Expression of the barley hordeum vulgare lea gene hva1 in rice confers tolerance to water deficiency xu et al.
Global rice production, however, has become unstable after 1999. Identification and characterization of genes responsible for. Water availability and drought are becoming major constraints for rice cultivation because of greatly fluctuated and generally reduced rainfall in the majority of rice growing areas worldwide resulting from the global climate change. Pdf drought is the major constraint to rice production in rainfed areas across. Origin, distribution and heading date in cultivated rice. The identification of tond1 provides a molecular basis for breeding rice varieties with improved grain yield despite decreased input of n fertilizers. Heatshock proteins hsps serve as molecular chaperones for a variety of client proteins in abiotic stress response and play pivotal roles in protecting plants against stress, but the. Ossro1c, a snac1regulated gene, has dual roles in drought and oxidative stress tolerance of rice. Here, we show that overexpression of stress responsive gene snac1 stressresponsive nac 1 significantly enhances drought resistance in transgenic rice 2234% higher seed setting than control in the field under severe drought stress conditions at the reproductive stage while showing no phenotypic changes or yield. Abscisic acid and drought resistance in wheat, millet, and rice. Identification of drought stress tolerance in wild species. Breeding for watersaving and droughtresistance rice wdr in china.
Stress physiology in relation to breeding for drought resistance a case study of rice. Induction of salt tolerance in rice oryza sativa l. Altered architecture and enhanced drought tolerance in. The complex nature of drought tolerance limits its management through conventional breeding methods. Submergence tolerance in rice requires sub1a, an ethylene. Submergence is a recurring problem in the rice producing rainfed lowlands of south and southeast asia.
Drought resistance tolerance has to be researchable, breakable into simpler levels e. In presence of nickel in nutrient solution, root growth of cv. The commercial preparation of starch from rice is limited owing to the high cost of brewers rice relative to other cereals and tubers. Institute irri has developed drought tolerant cultivars such as. Drought tolerance is the ability to which a plant maintains its biomass production during arid or drought conditions. In india there is a saying that grains of rice should be like two brothers, close but not stuck. Rice is central to the lives of billions of people around the world. Dt qtls on rice chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 8, and 9 were selected to test the. Pyramiding qtls controlling tolerance against drought, salinity, and.
Combining drought and submergence tolerance in rice. Rice production normally requires large amounts of water. Improving drought tolerance in rainfed lowland rice. T ransgenic rice plants overexpressing osbzip23 showed an increased aba. Overexpression of osnac14 resulted in drought tolerance at the vegetative stage of growth.
Genetic architecture of aluminum tolerance in rice oryza. In this study, we functionally characterized the rice drought responsive transcription factor osnac14. The major concern in rice grain quality for aromatic rice is their unique aroma or flavors. Abiotic stresses present a major challenge in our quest for sustainable food production as these may reduce the potential yields by 70% in crop plants. Drought and salinity are major abiotic stresses to crop production.
Green revolution gr rice varieties are high yielding but typically drought sensitive. Analysis of new non traditional tolerance stack up conditions. Improvement of drought tolerance in rice oryza sativa l. The concentrations of p and k in the tops of rice cultivars decreased with increasing soil salinity. One example is basmati370 rice which has a higher lysine, phenylalanine, leucine and methionine content than nonaromatic varieties.
Osdssr1 oe plants showed enhanced tolerance to drought stress accompanied by enhanced sod and apx activities. Almost every year, nearly half of rice cultivating areas are at risk of flood and drought of varied intensities dasgupta et al. Osdssr1, a novel small peptide, enhances drought tolerance. Developing a rice variety with inherent tolerance against these major. Climate change ready rice international rice research. In fact, means of effectively and accurately evaluating the drought tolerance of rice in the field has become a key point for drought tolerance breeding. Cold tolerance in rice cultivation crc press book rice is the staple food for more than half of the worlds population, yet cold temperatures during the cropping period cause a significant loss of yield. To evaluate the osmotic stress responses in rice varieties under drought condition, a total of 42 highyielding rice varieties were collected from various research stations of kerala agricultural university in india. The increased mrna levels of many leas in tld1d provide a molecular hallmark for the mutants enhanced drought tolerance fig. Similarly, stressinducible expression of the transcription factor atdreb1a greatly improved drought tolerance in transgenic indica rice in both the vegetative and reproductive stages without affecting morphological or agronomic traits ravikumar et al. Mapping qtl for heattolerance at grain filling stage in rice 35 effects as well as qtl. Drought response of dry seeded rice and its modelling. Drought tolerance is an important quantitative trait with multipart phenotypes that are often further complicated by plant phenology.
Introgression lines and complementation transgenic lines containing the elite allele of oslg3 irat109 showed increased drought tolerance, demonstrating that natural variation in oslg3 contributes to drought tolerance in rice. Rice oryza sativa is the primary food source for more than onehalf of the worlds population. Some examples of conventional breeding programs for drought tolerance are the development of rice, wheat and indian mustard varieties tolerant to salt and to alkali soils by the central soil salinity research institute in karnal, india 3. Improving the drought tolerance in rice oryza sativa l. Dt qtls on rice chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 8, and 9 were selected to. Does early vigor occur in combination with drought tolerance and efficient. Altered architecture and enhanced drought tolerance in rice via the downregulation of indole3acetic acid by tld1osgh3. Because rice cultivation is dependent on water availability, drought during flowering severely affects grain yield. Ppt drought tolerance and aerobic rice breeding at irri. But the concentrations of na, zn, cu and mn increased. Likewise, when that customer uses its rice lake weighing systems calibrated test weights to calibrate a balance or scale, it is providing indirect traceability.
Effect of drought on agronomic traits of rice and wheat. Sustainable intensification of rice production for food security in the near future a summary report nguu van nguyen secretary, international rice commission rice is the staple food of more than 3,000 million people. The molecular mechanism underlying this variation in under water growth and, hence, submergence tolerance has been recently described by takeshi fukao et al. It has also been believed that grain yield as a selection criterion is not suitable in breeding rice for drought tolerance. These results suggest that osbzip72 plays a positive role in drought resistance through aba signaling, and is potential useful for engineering drought tolerant rice. Sub1a is an ethyleneresponsefactorlike gene that confers. Developing rice cultivars with tolerance of submergence and with agronomic and quality traits acceptable to farmers is a feasible approach to address this problem. If the sdvosb concern is a nonmanufacturer, it shall meet the definition and requirements outlined in far part 19. Pdf screening and identification of rice genotypes for. Overexpression of osnac14 improves drought tolerance in rice. To merge the sequences generated by forward and reverse primers, one of the. Overexpression of tond1 increased the tolerance to n deficiency in the tond1deficient rice cultivars. Stress and disease tolerance irri rice knowledge bank.
Frontiers characterization of transcription factor gene. It is based on the assumption that the tolerance is distributed normally with mean centered at the nominal value. Aug 10, 2006 a gene that enables some strains of rice to survive under water for a period of time is identified. Drought is the major abiotic constraint to the rice production in the rainfed areas across asia and subsaharan africa. Modelling the soil plantwater balance of rainfed lowland rice. Overexpression of a calciumdependent protein kinase confers salt and drought tolerance in rice by preventing membrane lipid peroxidation article pdf available in plant physiology 1652 may. Department of biological science kaduna state university, nigeria. Control of drought stress in plant is not only very complex, but is also highly influenced by other environmental factors and by the developmental stage of the plant. Growth and production of rice encyclopedia of life support.
The general strategy for developing wdr is to combine water savingdrought resistance with high yield through. For screening tolerance of six cultivars of rice oryza sativa to different concentrations of nickel 0, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30. Varietal characteristics and soil management to reduce drought stress. Drought yield index to select high yielding rice lines.
Other plants, specifically crops like corn, wheat, and rice, have become increasingly tolerant to drought with. Screening for osmotic stress responses in rice varieties. Natural variation in oslg3 increases drought tolerance in. In the past, the major focus in breeding rice for drought tolerance was on secondary traits such as root architecture, water use efficiency, etc babu et al. Here, we show that the function of a drought inducible receptorlike cytoplasmic kinase, named growth under drought kinase gudk, is required for grain yield under drought. Pdf combining drought and submergence tolerance in rice. The present status of golden rice 69 the present status of golden rice adrian dubock golden rice humanitarian board, switzerland abstract the development of golden rice to date has taken longer than anticipated. This study provides some answers to these questions by undertaking statistical and econometric analysis on data from a farm investment climate assessment ica conducted in cambodia. A new method for evaluating the drought tolerance of. Osjaz1 attenuates drought resistance by regulating ja and. Rice general information rice is a staple crop all over the world, grown on every continent except antarctica, but it is certainly not the first grain most people think of when they consider growing grains in the. E interaction effects were determined by using a mixed linearmodel and the corresponding computer software qtlmapper 1.
Physiological, morphological and molecular mechanisms for drought tolerance in rice shivani, d. Among lines which combine a moderate level of drought resistance and good recovery. Physiological, morphological and molecular mechanisms for. The enhancement of sod and apx activities may be associated with the upregulation of oszfp36 and oszfp182 in the transgenic lines. A field screening of twelve rice genotypes under drought stress and irrigated nonstress condition was conducted during kharif 20 with the objective to study the effect of drought stress on yield and yield attributes performance of advanced. Rational design of highyield and superiorquality rice. Pdf overexpression of a calciumdependent protein kinase. Calculate the allowable maintenance and acceptance tolerances for legal for trade applications. Mapping qtl for heattolerance at grain filling stage in rice. A key aba catabolic gene, osaba8ox3, is involved in. Therefore, the development and production of droughtresistant rice varieties, to stabilize.
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